Equipment for the production of furniture facades from solid wood. MDF furniture front business

This material appeared as a result of the development of the dry method for the production of fiberboard and the improvement of the technologies used for this. Medium-density fiber boards have a developed surface of wood fibers and a shortened pressing cycle. Due to the participation of binders in the interfiber interaction, MDF is highly durable. MDF facades, which are made by cutting wood fiber boards, milling and applying film or paint, are widely used for the production of furniture, flooring, wall paneling in rooms.

Although chipboard materials are significantly cheaper than MDF, nevertheless, the latter are in higher demand due to certain advantages. First of all, medium-density fiber boards are moisture resistant, retain their shape well under temperature fluctuations and are resistant to mechanical stress. They are environmentally friendly material. Thanks to these qualities, MDF is ideal for the manufacture of furniture (primarily for kitchens). It is widely believed that MDF boards in terms of moisture resistance and their mechanical characteristics even surpass natural wood. In addition, unlike the latter material, they are resistant to various fungi and microorganisms, which means they are safe and hygienic. Great importance has the cost of this material. Products from MDF are 60-70% cheaper than similar products from solid wood and almost two times cheaper than solid lumber. MDF boards can be processed in almost any way and faced with MDF laminate, natural or synthetic veneer, resin film, PVC film. For all these reasons, they have become the most common and sought after. facade material.

Types of MDF boards differ in different grounds: by use (furniture, floor coverings, interior doors, dropped ceilings, wall panels, etc.), by type of coating (painting, PVC film, paper-resin film, veneer, etc.), by the presence of inserts (lattices, glass, etc.), by shape (flat, curved, etc. .).

So for the organization own production MDF facades will require a room of about 100 square meters. meters. It must be clean (with a ventilation system) and heated (the temperature in it must not fall below 15 degrees Celsius). The raw materials for the manufacture of facades are MDF boards, facing material (PVC film is the most common) and adhesive composition.

The production process of MDF facades consists of several key stages. First, the slab for the facade is cut using a panel saw. The workpieces must be highly accurate, free of defects (chips, cracks, etc.). At the next stage, a given pattern and a three-dimensional profile are applied to the plane and ends of the blanks for the furniture facade, the creation of which takes place on milling table using a milling machine. Modern equipment allows you to produce profiles of almost any complexity. Then the parts are polished using a vibratory grinder. Production waste is removed with a vacuum cleaner, and a compressor is used to blow the facades after grinding and before application. Before cladding, the facade surface must be carefully prepared and cleaned.

There are several most common cladding technologies in the production of furniture facades. Lamination is a process of covering MDF with paper-resin films under the influence of temperature and pressure. The porous surface of the paper contains melamine resin, which polymerizes and penetrates the MDF structure at the capillary level, resulting in a uniform surface layer that is durable, waterproof and resistant to high temperatures. Laminating is the process of facing MDF with fully cured paper-resin films with preliminary application of an adhesive composition to the base plate. In this case, the film is glued to the MDF, which simplifies the cladding process (compared, for example, with lamination). In the manufacture of facades, which should have the highest protective and wear-resistant properties, post-forming technology is used, which is a process of facing chipboard with layered laminates or plastics. high pressure.

Also, MDF facades are covered with plastic, film or enamel, veneered natural veneer.

Most often, PVC film is used for facade cladding, as it is simpler and can significantly reduce the cost. finished product. In this case, glue is also applied to the surface of the plate - in two layers when exposed to high temperatures(up to 80 degrees Celsius), and the material is allowed to dry for 30 minutes. Then it is applied pvc film which is preheated. After cladding, the facade is sent under the press, and then the excess is removed from it.

To organize the production of MDF facades, it is required special equipment. It includes: a panel saw (depending on the model, its price can be 200-250 thousand rubles), a copy-milling table (30 thousand rubles), milling machine(350 thousand rubles), vibration Grinder(1.5-2 thousand rubles), industrial vacuum cleaner (10 thousand rubles), piston compressor (5-7 thousand rubles), airbrush (5 thousand rubles), vacuum press(150-170 thousand rubles). The performance of this equipment, which can be operated by one specialist, will be about 20-25 square meters. meters per shift and about 100 sq. meters of facades per week. Monthly output can be 400-450 sq. meters. With an increase in the number of production workers to three people, productivity also increases significantly. Since the process of production of MDF facades involves human participation, the quality of the finished product directly depends on the quality of the materials used for its production, and on the qualifications of the worker.

The number of facade productions in our country is increasing every year. But most of them cannot boast of high-quality products, as they use the cheapest MDF boards and low-grade films for the manufacture of facades. At the same time, trends in this market indicate that buyers prefer quality products and are willing to pay more for them. Therefore, experts advise to bet on the optimal ratio of price and quality and not to strive to reduce the cost of production at any cost through the use of low-quality raw materials.

The total cost of opening the production of MDF facades is about 1.5 million rubles. This amount includes the purchase of basic and additional equipment, its delivery and installation (about 1 million rubles in total), rent and preparation of premises for production, purchase of a batch of raw materials for a month of work (200 thousand rubles), business registration, and other current expenses .

The market for such products is very wide. This includes various construction and renovation companies, furniture stores and even individuals who often order MDF facades directly from the manufacturer. The wholesale cost of one square MDF facade is about 1000 rubles. The profitability of such production reaches 28%. The payback of the project is estimated at 6-8 months.

From what equipment is installed at the enterprise for the production of MDFfacades, depends on the quality and volume of products. However, a start-up enterprise should take into account that mass production should be mechanized, and individual orders demand more manual labor. On the other hand, not all work can be performed without the use of technical means. And the cost of manual labor is sometimes much more expensive than a one-time investment.

The sawing of MDF boards is carried out, as a rule, on panel saws. With small volumes, you can cut to order from other organizations. Such services are often provided in places where you can buy MDF and chipboard.

If the enterprise uses CNC milling and engraving machines with wide working surfaces, then the pattern of parts of the required dimensions can be performed directly on them. In this case, the pattern will be successfully combined with the processing of the edges of MDF facades, if you choose the appropriate cutter, or a set of cutters.

It is better to purchase your own milling machines for MDF facades, since creativity must always be present here. And it is not always possible to get by with a set of standard templates available to contractors.

The best option would be if you purchase a CNC milling and engraving center, which will ensure the implementation of 90% of all milling work with blanks for MDF facades and countertops.

If financial possibilities are limited, then you should buy a milling and copying machine for MDF facades. However, here virtually all the work is done manually according to templates, so productivity drops sharply compared to CNC machines.

It will not be difficult for beginner small businesses to make a primitive, but very useful milling machine for MDF facades on their own. To do this, a manual milling machine is vertically mounted in the middle of the table from below, and a movable stop bar or stop roller is mounted on top, opposite the hole for the working cutter.

Excessively bulky and heavy parts of MDF countertops are easier to process with manual milling machines. To round corners, you may need a small machine with a moulder and edge cutter with a radius of 2-3 mm.

In addition, for the manufacture of complex curved products, you will need a manual jigsaw and a belt grinder.

Workplaces for cutting, milling and grinding MDF blanks must be equipped with hoods or powerful vacuum cleaners for air filtration from sawdust and dust.

For cleaning parts from dust and dirt with a jet compressed air and applying adhesive for PVC film on the surface of the MDF facade using an airbrush, you will need a compressor with a receiver of 50-80 liters.

The room for applying glue must be equipped with an exhaust hood. Here, the details for MDF facades are stacked on a special table. It should rotate 360 ​​degrees and have a spiked surface to allow excess adhesive to drip off. Work is done in a dust mask. In addition, this room must be well insulated, as particles of glue can settle on the PVC film, which is usually stored nearby, and after cladding they turn into unpleasant hard-to-remove spots on the surface of the MDF facades.

Equipment for the production of MDF facades in PVC film cannot be complete without a vacuum membrane press. There are a variety of thermo-vacuum machines for MDF facades from various manufacturers. However, they do not have a significant difference in the device and technology of pressing.

You should be aware that a membrane-vacuum press should always be supplied with a silicone membrane, with which it becomes possible to partially use the surface of the machine's desktop to save PVC film, as well as to perform some other production processes, such as laminating (veneering, laminating), production of bent facades from MDF and other operations.

After gluing with PVC MDF film, the facades are cut off on a special table, which must be covered with foam rubber to protect against scratches from accidentally falling grains of sand.

If peeling of the film occurs, or somewhere you need to tighten the corner, you will need a hair dryer with adjustable air supply and temperature, as well as a small electric iron, preferably with a flat surface without holes for steam supply.

When turning on various power units in the power grid, unpleasant power surges are possible, which can lead to the failure of expensive electrical equipment. Therefore, to connect to the network, for example, Russian voltage regulators Shtil should be used.

In addition to all of the above, the production of MDF facades will require the use of sweeping brushes to clean parts from chips; various emery sponges and emery skins, including those stuffed on bars, for grinding curves and flat surfaces, respectively; film cutter; packaging film; accessories for cleaning workplaces, including wet ones.

The main equipment used for the production of MDF facades is often a strong source of dust that enters the air and can be harmful to health. Therefore, work on it should be carried out in special dust masks and goggles.

The relevance of the production of MDF facades is justified by the regular demand for these products. In spite of high price Compared to chipboard materials, medium-density furniture fronts emit less toxic substances and are more durable, which makes them so popular in the market for quality building products. In Russia, the need for MDF is more than 200,000 cubic meters per year.

MDF facades are a medium-density building material for furniture and paneling, which is made by cutting fibreboard, milling and applying a film or painting.

From English MDF - Medium Density Fiberboard - medium density fiberboard.

Range

• by application (furniture,);
• by type of coating (PVC film, painting, etc.);
• by type of milling (embossed, 3D);
• by inserts (stained-glass window, lattice, glass);
• in shape (curved, curved, flat).

In addition to facades, MDF is made of:

• floor coverings;
• Wall panels;
• dropped ceilings;
• molded products;
• decorative items, etc.

Sales market

• construction organizations;
• repair companies;
• individuals.

Organization of production

The production of MDF facades requires the work of 1-3 specialists. The area of ​​the required premises is 100 sq.m. The pressing room should be free of dust and the temperature should be maintained at a level of at least 15 degrees. The raw materials for production are MDF boards, PVC film and glue.

Necessary equipment

		Cost: 230 850 rubles.
		Cost: 30 000 r.
		Productivity: 2 passes up to 10 m/min. Cost: 390,000 rubles.
		Productivity: 4000-11000 fluctuations/min. Cost: 1990 rub.
		Productivity: 55 l/s Cost: 9 800 rubles.
		Cost: 7 770 rubles.
		Cost: 5 848 rubles.
		Productivity: 8 cubic meters/hour Cost: 165,000 rubles.

Feasibility study

Capital expenditures

• Equipment - 0.8 million rubles.
• Optional equipment— 0.1 million rubles
• Delivery and installation - 0.2 million rubles.
• Preparation of the premises - 0.2 million rubles.
• Inventory for 2 months - 0.3 million rubles.
• Business registration and other expenses - 0.1 million rubles.

Total start-up costs: 1 700 000 rubles.

Calculation of revenue when working 2 people

* Business profitability is indicated according to the expert opinion of the author of the article.

MDF facades are a building material for finishing furniture and panels. Has an average density. It is made by cutting wood-fiber boards, followed by milling and applying a film or painting.

The regular demand for furniture facades makes the production of these products very profitable business. Compared to chipboard, MDF facades are more expensive, but the latter have significant advantages, such as:

• Release less toxic substances
• Differ in the increased durability.

All this makes them very popular in the domestic market. building materials. So, annually in Russia, the need for MDF is 200,000 cubic meters. in year.

The range of MDF facades is extremely wide:

• Method of application: interior doors, furniture;
• Milling type: 3D, embossed;
• Coating type: painting, PVC film, etc.;
• Inserts: stained glass, glass, lattice;
• Shape: flat, bent, curvilinear.

From MDF you can also make:

• Wall panels
• Dropped ceilings
• Floor coverings
• Molded products
• Decor elements
• And much more.

Where to sell?

• Repair Companies
• Furniture stores
• Construction companies
• Individuals.

MDF facades for kitchens - an inexpensive and practical option

How to organize production?

For the manufacture of MDF facades, 1-3 specialists will be needed. As for the premises, look for an area of ​​at least 100 sq.m. There should be no dust in the pressing room, and the temperature should be maintained at least 15 degrees. As raw materials, you will need to purchase MDF boards, PVC film, and glue.

Equipment

Here is a mandatory list of equipment necessary for the production of MDF facades with an approximate cost:

• Panel saw (for example, RMGROUPPS400) - 230,000 rubles.
• Milling machine (for example, CNC FS-ZSh) - 390,000 rubles.
• Copy-milling table - 30,000 rubles.
• Industrial vacuum cleaner (for example, Makita 440) - 10,000 rubles.
• Vibratory grinder (for example, MakitaBO3711) - 2,000 rubles.
• Spray gun (for example, JonneswayJA-HVLP-6109) - 6,000 rubles.
• Piston compressor (for example, SUMAKEHDV-3050) - 7,800 rubles.
• Vacuum press (for example, PROFI 1700) - 165,000 rubles.

Calculate income and expenses

Capital costs consist of the following items:

• Purchase of equipment - about 800,000 rubles.
• Additional equipment - 100,000 rubles.
• Preparing the premises for production - 200,000 rubles.
• Delivery and installation of equipment - 200,000 rubles.
• Creation of a commodity stock for a couple of months - 300,000 rubles.
• Company registration and other expenses - 100,000 rubles.

Total - 1,700,000 rubles.

Now let's calculate the approximate revenue for the work of 2 people:

• Production square meters MDF panels for 1 shift - 25.
• The number of shifts per month is 30.
• Production sq.m. per month - 750.
• The cost of panels in bulk is 1100 rubles per 1 sq.m.
• Revenue per month - 825,000 rubles.
• Profitability - 25%.
• Payback period - 8 months.

All numerical data are not final and may vary in one direction or another.

If you have any questions about this article, we are waiting for your comments!

In the United States, where marketing is considered a sacred science, almost a religion, they are convinced that driving force any business are housewives. “In American families, a man formally manages the household budget, but in reality it is a woman,” ironically marketing specialist Williams Scott from Philadelphia. - The concepts of many companies take this fact into account, focusing either on neutral models or models with a feminine touch. See how American kitchen furniture companies are thriving.”

Indeed, in the West, new houses and apartments have already been exhibited since kitchen sets, however, and secondary market pre-sale preparation of real estate includes the renovation of furniture fronts, primarily in the kitchens. “Family women first go to the kitchen, then to the children's rooms, then to the bathrooms, and only then to the bedroom,” explains sales manager Eric Bormann in Germany. “Single women or just married women in conversations are interested in the bedroom, but they still go to the kitchen first.”

It can be argued with a high degree of probability that similar predilections prevail in Russia as well. "Demand kitchen facades housewives will provide, - the expert of the startup community, Ph.D., is convinced. n. Associate Professor Igor Malyugin. - At the same time, this entrepreneurship is far from being as simple as it seems. It has pitfalls that many startups have crashed on.” We decided to talk about what an entrepreneur who took over needs to know.

There are many materials for kitchen facades. Of particular interest are the facades made of solid wood. This is a classic kitchen sets At the same time, the high cost of this production, primarily due to the high cost of high-quality raw material, sharply narrows consumer qualities. “The price of kitchen sets with solid wood facades can start from one hundred thousand rubles,” states Igor Malyugin. - A piece production of facades under the order can raise the price even higher. In addition, standard facades, even the simplest country-style ones, require special painting.” Of course, such production can only be successful if demand is stable.

Dull facades made of chipboard, which until recently were the main material for kitchen sets in our country, are a thing of the past. MDF is being replaced with PVC films as a coating, as well as wood and glass. The lot of laminated chipboard is economy class kitchens with low added value. “For small businesses, this material will not provide the necessary level of profitability,” says Anton Yaroshenko, an entrepreneur from the Volga region. - Given the low volumes of production and the level of manual labor, as a rule, characteristic of small firms, production should be built on the basis of modern technologies It's MDF with PVC film. According to the expert, the high aesthetic and operational properties of such facades guarantee a decent level of profitability. However, when starting the production of such facades, one should decide on the technology for applying PVC films on MDF boards.

The king of facades - postforming

The choice of one or another facade production technology predetermines the starting costs. For example, softforming, until recently the most popular technology among furniture makers, is leaving the stage and giving way to postforming. “The reason lies in the relative simplicity of the production of high-quality facades by this method,” businessman Sergey Samokhvalov is convinced. “All it takes is a press, a cutting machine and a facing machine.”

At the same time, the entrance ticket to this business is expensive. For information: membrane press ORMA(Italy) costs 67,600 euros and focuses on high-quality Japanese film. The Chinese clone of this press costs already 15 thousand euros. Meanwhile, high-quality and at the same time inexpensive presses are produced in Russia for covering furniture facades of MDF and other similar products with PVC films and natural veneer, for example, a mini-press with pneumatic lifting of the desktop for radius facades Maxim DIP, which can be bought for 230 thousand rubles.

By the way, there are craftsmen who claim that it is possible to organize the production of furniture facades for almost a penny. “For several years I worked in one of the divisions of a furniture manufacturing company,” Anatoly Komarov shares his experience at the New Ideas in Furniture Manufacturing business forum. - Specifically, he was engaged in the manufacture of facades for cabinet furniture, in particular, kitchen furniture. The firm has collapsed. But the work remains." According to the entrepreneur, they later made a home-made installation for, in which “an aluminum tire is heated, post-formed plastic is bent on it. They made countertops, kitchen facades, bar counters. Non-standard products. Enclosures for speakers. Branded installations cost more than $ 10,000. We spent about 30 thousand rubles on installation and worked for almost two years.

Thus, for the production of facades from MDF with PVC film, a cutting machine and a press are required. Actually, you can cut the plates manually, using a power tool. The lion's share of spending at the start will go to the press. At the same time, powder coating of MDF facades can be used, however, for this method it is necessary to have special equipment.

“We cut facade blanks on a panel saw,” Anatoly Komarov shares his experience. - Semicircular chamfers were removed with a milling cutter. The skin was polished. On some facades, some patterns were made with a finger cutter according to the template. At first they tried to paint with enamels, like how cars paint. terrible headache. There is such a bad concept -
swelling of fibers on MDF. When covered with primer, polished to a shine. You start to paint - as small needles rise. And with powder coating it turned out ... at the plant, where there was a line for powder coating of metal parts. Painted on all sides in one coat. The trick was in the fastening - how to fasten the door so that there are no traces left.

“On the whole, it's a worthy cause,” Anton Yaroshenko is convinced. - Now, of course, if you have experience, you can set up this production inexpensively, say, for five hundred thousand for a very small areas. It will easily take several months to debug the technology so that there is no further marriage. If you manage to establish a stable sales, for example, through building materials stores, then you can make good money.”