Wood cutters: types, do-it-yourself manufacturing process. What tools are needed for wood carving Special hand tools for wood carving

The profession of cabinetmaker has always been in demand and prestigious. Today, the ability to make beautiful wood carvings can be not only a great way to earn good money, but also an exciting hobby. But in order for woodcarving to bring joy and not be burdensome, you will need a special tool.

All wood carving tools should be made of good steel.

To date, a cabinetmaker's tool kit should contain fixtures for the following types of work:

• threads;
• sawing off;
• splitting and trimming;
• planing;
• turning;
• chiselling.

To have an idea of ​​how a tree is processed, it is necessary to consider each of the tools in more detail.

Woodworking tools

Usually, all types of devices designed to work on wooden surfaces are called cutters. This can include all cutting blades, saws, axes, chisels, special planers and more. Each of the tools is designed for a specific type of processing of a wooden workpiece.

Each cabinetmaker individually selects a tool that suits his needs and tastes. But if a person does not have experience in woodworking and is just starting to engage in this type of activity, it is advisable to follow the recommendations of knowledgeable craftsmen.

Wood cutting accessories

The manufacture of any object from wood begins with cutting the workpiece. Woodcutting chisels are sharp blades that usually form shavings or sawdust as they work. When processing wooden surfaces by hand, saws, jointers, one-handed planers, etc. are used. These are tools that allow you to work in a “on your own” way. That is, the movement of the master's hand goes in the opposite direction from the body.

In many foreign countries, wood processing is carried out by the “pull-on” method, when the direction of movement is towards the body of the master. As a rule, tools specially made for this method of work are used for this - hacksaws, saws, etc. These are double-sided cutters, two-handed plows and spoon cutters.

At the same time, it must be remembered that with many devices, for example, chisels or knives, it is extremely undesirable to cut “on oneself”: this can lead to serious injury.

Also known is another rule used by cabinetmakers: if you want to process a large area wooden surface, the “on your own” method is used, during which the work is facilitated by the energy of a moving ax, saw or planer. Here, such a cutter as an adze, which is worked only by the “on oneself” method, using the movements of the hand, will not work.

How to cut blanks

In order to cut wood, multi-cutter devices called saws are usually used. They, in turn, can be longitudinal, transverse or universal sawing. So, saws designed for cross cutting have sharp triangular teeth, each of which consists of two faces for carving to the right or left. Rip saws are equipped with chisel-shaped teeth. This shape allows the teeth to accumulate sawdust between themselves and take them out of the body of the wood. General purpose saws have teeth in the form right angle, which are capable of cutting fibers both across and along and at an angle.

Each type of saws is divided into the following varieties:

• simple;
• hacksaws;
• one-handed.

Mechanical saws are tape, two-handed, gasoline-powered and circular.

Usually sawing of the workpiece occurs with the help of cross saws, bucking - with one-handed or two-handed ones, and processing - with hacksaws, circular or bow saws. For rough work on wood, saws with large incisors are used, for fine processing - fine-toothed ones.

Splitting and trimming wood

Axes: a - Plotnitsky; b - Joiner's; c - Rezchitsky; g - Cleaver; e - Tesla for sampling recesses; e - Tesla for sculptural carving.

For the manufacture of blanks from bars, ridges or trunks, the following types of wood cutters are used: axes and cleavers. The cleaver is a heavy ax that is used when cutting logs. Together with the cleaver, metal or wooden wedges are also used, which are driven into the body of the wood and thereby facilitate its splitting. Already made blanks are hewn with the help of household (carpentry) light axes, which are convenient to wear on a belt in special cases.

To trim the surface of a wooden blank, an adze is used - a type of ax in which the blade is perpendicular to the ax handle. This is a necessary cutter for the manufacture of concave or figured products. If necessary, an adze can be made with my own hands from a thick steel plate with a sharply sharpened and curved edge.

Planing straight and curly surfaces

Planing tool for woodworking.

Planing is cutting from the surface of wood thin layers shavings. This process requires the use of hand or turning cutters of the following type: knives, two-handed plows with straight or semicircular blades, planers, sherhebels. Finish planing is usually done with planers that have a single or double blade, fixed in a metal or wood case. Chip thickness depends entirely on how far the blade or housings are extended. The shorter the distance, the thinner the wood shavings.

For the manufacture of curved or rounded parts, which can be, for example, staves for a barrel, special planers are used that look like a convex knife. For blanks concave across the plane, humpback planers are used. There are also planers for making edges and narrow grooves for panels or boards.

Types and purposes of chisels

Chisels are the most popular type of cutters for woodworking. Usually for cutting wood, devices are used, which are steel rods with a flat surface, a sharp cutting blade and a shank. The shank is fixed on a wooden handle with a ring.

Each type of chisel has its own purpose. So, straight and wide fixtures are used for stripping or cutting convex or even workpieces. Narrow tools are designed for processing wood in narrow places of parts. To work with hardwood or horn knots, straight chisels with round blades are used. If you want to clean a tree with a hollow or a deep cavity, use a chisel with a thick steel rod. In addition, a mallet will serve as a necessary tool in this case, with which the chisel will be hammered deep into the wood.

Chisels are very good at cleaning wood from unnecessary fractions, but the main purpose of these tools is to cut complex products. To create various grooves in the body of wood, cranberries are needed - chisels with curved or groove-shaped blades. They allow you to create a recess of the desired radius and depth. Initially, the hole is cut with the widest cranberry, then cranberry is used smaller, then - even smaller, etc.

In addition, the work of a cabinetmaker is unthinkable without the use of corner chisels. This tool cuts triangular recesses and grooves, most often used in flat-relief carving.

Use of special cutters

In addition to all the devices described, wood carving masters use other equipment. For example, volumetric cutting used in the manufacture works of art, requires the use of spoon cutters. Such tools were developed centuries ago. The design of the cutters allows them to be used by the “pull-on” method both along and across the wood fibers.

As often as a spoon device, a double-sided cutter in the shape of the letter "T" is also used. This tool is usually used to process workpieces for large-sized products. Spoon-type cutters are used to cut wooden circles, from which plates, other utensils, and much more can subsequently be made.

The success of the work of both a woodcarving lover and a professional largely depends on the quality of the tool. That is why it is necessary to first acquire all necessary devices and then get to work.

Main cutting tool for woodcarving are carving chisels or, as they are called, chisels.

Chisel It is a flat or semicircular steel plate, one end of which is sharpened and forms a blade, and the other is drawn pointedly in the form of a pin and is designed to fit a handle.
Carving chisels are divided according to their shape into several types: straight chisels, flat or semi-flat chisels, semicircular chisels, tassels, geismuses, cranberries, slants.
The average size of the chisels along the length (from the shoulders to the blade) varies depending on the shape and profile from 100 to 130 mm. Chisels with small profiles are shorter than chisels with larger profiles.

All chisels, of various profiles and shapes, have a gradual slight thickening from the blade to the shoulders. Such a thickening is provided for greater strength in work, so that the tool does not bend or break when working with a mallet.
Steel quality and hardening are essential for cutting tools. The chisel should be easy, sharpen well and have a durable blade. It should not quickly become blunt, bend or break out under the blow of a mallet, when working on hardwoods.
The handles (or handles) of the chisels are made of durable tough wood, usually they are turned on lathes in the form of a barrel or they are made faceted. The length of the handle is in the range of 105-120 mm, the thickness is determined depending on the profile of the chisel: a smaller profile means a thinner and shorter handle, and vice versa. Chisels of medium profiles, which have a slight difference, have the same handles.

At the shoulders of the chisel, a metal ring about 10 mm wide is put on the handle. The barrel-shaped handle is machined so that it is comfortable to hold the chisel in your hand, and therefore it is very important to determine the place of the thickening of the handle. The end of the handle is oval, for the convenience of pressing it with the palm of the hand during the carving operation. Recommended dimensions are shown in fig. 32.

Rice. 32. Carving tool: A - c round pen, B - with a faceted handle, C - with a ground handle

Handles for chisels are faceted, have several shapes, but the most convenient of them is a flat octagonal one (Fig. 32-B). It, like the round one, has a thickening in order to fit comfortably on the palm of the hand when working with a cutter. Handle length size 105-130 mm. The advantage of this shape is that the tool with such handles does not roll on the workbench and does not change position from shocks during work.

Normal the average size carving chisel with a handle - from 220 to 250 mm. An exception are chisels for large decorative and volumetric carvings. Their sizes are larger than usual. There are curly handles for chisels, chiseled in the shape of a hand, it is convenient to hold them during work (Fig. 32-B), but they are not common among carvers.

Chisels straight- are needed mainly for cleaning the background in relief carving, but are also used in other cases. The canvas of a straight chisel has a front face, two side edges and a back face. On chisels with a width of more than 5 mm, longitudinal chamfers are made on the back plate. On narrower chisels, the side edges converge towards the back plate. The width of the canvas along the entire length of the chisel is the same. The thickness of narrow chisels (up to 5 mm) towards the neck is made larger (up to 8 mm), and a chisel with a width of more than 5 mm is the same along the entire length of the chisel (from 3 to 5 mm).
Chisels are flat (semi-flat). Sloping or semi-flat chisels have a large blade bend radius, but some of them approach straight chisels with the curvature of the blades. Sloping chisels in determining the size have two features - the size of the width and the size of the radius of curvature of the blade.

Chisels semicircular. Semicircular chisels have three features (Fig. 33) that determine the size of the chisels: the radius of curvature of the blade (r), the height of the sides of the blade (h). Some semicircular chisels have high sides. With these chisels, if necessary, you can make deep recesses and work with high edges of the sides. Chisels with a curved neck make it possible to make deep and steep recesses. Chisels, having a curvature of the entire canvas and resembling cranberries, are very convenient in working on high reliefs.

Rice. 33. Flat and semicircular chisels: A - with a straight neck, B - with a curved neck, C - section of chisels: 1 - flat, 2 - medium semi-flat, 3 - steep semi-circular, 4 - semi-circular with high sides (tsarazik). Designations: A - side height, r - bending radius

Tsarazikami called semicircular chisels with high sides, they are very similar in shape to narrow semicircular chisels. In cross section, they have a sharp bend in the canvas (Fig. 33). They are measured only by the width of the curve of the blade. The grip width of the chisel is in the range from 1 to 5 mm. Tsaraziki are intended for sampling narrow semicircular recesses, making veins and processing the transition of the background to the edge of the ornament, as well as for various small works.

Geismuses. Chisels that have the shape of a blade in the form of an angle are called geismugs. The sizes of geismus in terms of the width of the capture are quite diverse (Fig. 34-A). They serve to cut the lines of the veins. The angle formed by the canvas sharply bent along the entire length should be approximately 50-70 °. The width of each side is in the range from 5 to 15 mm.

Fig.34. Geismuses and cranberries A - geismuses, B - cranberries

Cranberries. Chisels with a very short blade of all the profiles described above, having a curved shape in the form of a hook, are called cranberries. Cranberries work in hard-to-reach places, in places with high relief and in deep slots (Fig. 34-B). Straight cranberries (see the first image in the figure) represent an ordinary chisel with a curved blade. Reverse cranberries (see second image), essentially the same chisels, but curved at the blade in the opposite direction. Concavities and bulges in recessed places are treated with such cranberries. Cranberries are mainly used for embossed carving and for cleaning the background.

Kosyachki- or, as they are often called, cutters - have two types of shapes (Fig. 35). Some of them are long, sharpened from straight chisels. The width is different, from 10-20 mm or more. The bevel angle of the blade is 15-20°. Chamfers are sharpened evenly on both sides at an angle of 18-20 °. The handles of the kosyachkov are shaped like those of all chisels.
The second joints, unlike the first, are short and have a blade length from the blade to the handle of 40-50 mm. The width of the canvas is also different, usually from 10-15 to 25-30 mm, their handles have special form(see fig. 35).

Fig.35. Skewers: A - long, B - short
Skewers with short blades (pieces of iron) are mainly used when making geometric carvings, and with long blades - when selecting the background of relief carving.

1. Definition
2. Tool types
3. How to do it yourself
4. Cutter chisel
5. Semicircular chisels
6. We use a file
7. Files
8. Corner chisels

Any master working with wood has carpentry chisels in his arsenal. This hand tool helps in the processing of wooden blanks, a well-sharpened blade of various shapes is used for carving of any complexity. You can purchase ready-made sets of fixtures, experienced craftsmen prefer to make wood chisels with their own hands - these are obtained perfectly adapted to a particular carver.

Definition

What is a chisel: this is a professional carpenter's or joiner's tool that is used to prepare wooden blanks for processing, to chamfer, apply carving ornaments by removing excess layers of wood. The design includes a plastic or more often wooden handle and a sharpened blade of various shapes.

Tool types

Wood chisel in different options performance helps the master process wooden blanks, decorate products. For these purposes, tools are taken from different form blades. Types of chisels for woodcarving:

Presented species in different quantities used by masters. Their modifications can also be different: a flat one can be wide or narrow, an angular one can be wide-angle or narrow-angle, a round bend can be flattened or radial. Ready-made kits contain tools in different configurations, not always complete or necessary for a particular master. Therefore, many joiners and carpenters prefer to make chisels for woodcarving with their own hands. The quality of work with such devices is no different from the use of factory tools.

Application for wood carving

Every woodworking professional should know how to use this tool.

A wide chisel with a straight blade is suitable for the primary processing of a wooden workpiece. With its help, coarse fibers, knots, and other irregularities are removed. The tool can be used as a chisel for knocking out holes using shock pulses.

The device removes chamfers, the ends of narrow edges, and processes recesses.

The tool is versatile in use: it can be held straight or acute angle depending on the desired effect. The lines are drawn by hand or along a ruler, for this it is better to use a metal one.

Figured chisels are used as needed in a similar way: a tool is placed on the work surface and excess wood is removed with pressure movements. Impact force will allow you to get deep cuts and clear shapes.

How to do it yourself

Making quality tools starts with right choice materials. For the blade you can take:

• Cutter for metal. Among other blanks, this one has sufficient rigidity, holds sharpening well.
• Drills for metal will become the basis for narrow mini-chisels.
• A semicircle is easy to get from a used punch.
• A chisel for corners can be obtained from any profiled tool.
• The file will also be an excellent source for a carpentry chisel.
• Needle files become the basis for creating a thin tool.

To make a mini chisel, you can take a small piece of metal as a blank. At home, it is more convenient to create small tools.

For a pen, take wooden beam. It is much more reliable than plastic, and it sits more confidently in the hand.

On the market you can find forged chisels for woodcarving. They are made from durable carbon steel, they are resistant to wear and keep their shape and sharpness longer.

We will look at how to create professional chisels from improvised materials.

Let's prepare the tool:

1. Metal cutter;
2. pliers and tongs;
3. A container of water to cool hot metal.

Cutter chisel

A do-it-yourself chisel is made very quickly according to this algorithm:

In this way, you can make straight or beveled mini chisels. Instead of a disk, any part made of durable steel is suitable.

Metal drill tool

How to make a chisel from a drill is not difficult:

• We flatten the tip with a shock load or cut it down;
• We give the knife the desired shape. From the drill, excellent marigolds or rivets are obtained;
• According to the above algorithm, we make a handle.

Chisels from drill are widely used in carpentry practice: they can be made easily and quickly, and most importantly - according to the desired, thinnest sizes and shapes.

Semicircular chisels

The most common semicircular chisel for woodcarving is obtained from a punch - the workpiece already has the desired shape. It remains only to cut off excess metal and sharpen the blade.

How to make a semicircular chisel:

1. We take a punch of the desired diameter.
2. Saw cut off the excess part of the radius.
3. While the metal is warm, you can give it the desired roundness, for example, flatten the semicircle a little to get a semi-oval.
4. We sharpen the blade.
5. We make a pen.

We use a file

A file chisel is made on a grinding wheel. This is how thick straight cutters and chisels are made. It is necessary to sharpen the file at the desired angle and insert the workpiece into a wooden handle.

From a file square section if desired, you can carve a corner chisel. To do this, stock up on a good abrasive for a circle for metal.

Files

A thin needle file will make an excellent tool for cutting any shape. And you can do it right in the kitchen over a gas stove.

Corner chisels

For their production we use any profile product made of durable steel. Using the methods already described, we cut off excess metal and sharpen the workpieces at the right angle.

The tool can also be made by bending a workpiece of any shape, however, this is not suitable for cutting hard wood.

Wood carving is complex and an exciting activity. It allows you to create unique crafts, decorate your home, make gifts to friends and acquaintances.

Also carving will be a constant source positive emotions and, for some, even generate income. For children - this hobby will be a great way to take free time and develop artistic thinking.

Most often, woodcarving tools are made. This happens for three reasons:

• Firstly, it is rare to find a good cutter on sale.
• Secondly, many people cannot afford it, especially teenagers and children who are fond of carving. Most often, cutters are sold in sets, have high price and half of them are unlikely to ever be needed.
• Finally, the third reason is that experienced carvers prefer to make a tool “for themselves”.

DIY wood carving tools (drawings) can be divided into three types - knives, chisels and engravers.

A knife is a tool that works with a straight or curved cutting edge.

Cutting wood occurs under a force directed mainly across the axis.

A carving chisel is a tool during which the force is directed along the axis, according to the principle of a conventional carpentry chisel.

A chisel is a tool that is a kind of chisel. First, it crashes into the wood, and then a small layer of wood is “teared off” with the skillful movement of the carver. Climbers include all kinds of cranberries - a special tool popular in Transcarpathian woodcarving.

Starting with a simple one - a cutter for geometric threads

Geometric thread is the simplest type of thread.

She will be the best choice if you just want to try your hand at carving .

Despite its apparent simplicity, it allows you to create drawings with a "three-dimensional" effect.

It is also a national art craft in Russia, Karelia and Finland.

Geometric carving does not require a lot of "hardness" of the hands, such as carving with a chisel. It consists of simple elements- Pegs and triangles.

Making a woodcarving tool with your own hands is easier than for any other. Objectively, this is the only tool that can be made at home without the use of forging.

The cutter for geometric carving is a knife. Outwardly, it looks a bit like a leather shoe knife with an oblique blade, but the similarities end there. The main difference is the width of the blade and the cutting angle of the knife.

The width of the cutter for geometric carving should be about 2 cm, however, this will depend on the size of the pegs that you intend to cut.

The angle of the "bevel" of the cutter should be quite steep, almost straight - from 80 to 70 degrees. It is undesirable to work with a too “sharp” nose - the cutter during such work will close the drawing and it will not be visible what you are doing. In addition, if too high angles the tip of the cutter will constantly break with awkward movements.

blade material

Most the best option- make a cutter forged from a bar.

The part of the blade protruding from the handle must be forged from round section into a flat knife.

It will cover the drawing less when .

Unfortunately, most carvers do not have access to a forge and do not have the forging skill.

For them, it will be optimal to make a tool for woodcarving with your own hands from an old blade of a hacksaw for metal.

The canvas is made of R6M5 steel, sometimes carbon steel. It has a width of 25 ... 50 mm and a thickness of 2 to 5 mm. If possible, take a blade 25 mm wide and 3 mm thick, it is best suited for the cutter.

How to cut a canvas right size And at the right angle? After all, it is hardened! You don't need to cut anything. Clamp the blade firmly in a vise under the desired one.

Then, with a hammer blow, simply break off the blade as needed - the break in the vast majority of cases will occur along the clamping line of the vise jaws.

Then correct the cut line on an electric sharpener and pre-sharpen the cutter. The blade is fixed in the handle with the help of cloves that used to cut metal. This is best done by drilling holes and driving in rivets, but due to the hardness of the material, it will be extremely inconvenient to drill it.

Perhaps you will find another, more suitable one. The main thing is that it should be made of high-quality steel. Some make incisors from files or surgical instruments, from knife blades to strip wires. Excellent cutters are obtained from broken disc cutters for metal from P18 steel. All of these methods are good.

About homemade wood tools - on the video:

Read also:

• Do-it-yourself folding wall mount table: ...
• Electric miter box: use as ...
• Unusual DIY crafts from improvised ...

Woodcarving is an amazingly beautiful and very popular type of manual woodworking in our time. Carved interior details conquer with their magnificent appearance and reflect rich national traditions.

Creative people who simply “itch” their hands to do something very interesting and useful should pay attention to woodcarving. Girls and women may think that this is only a male occupation. And they will be wrong, because there are no less women masters of woodcarving than men.

About woodcarving for beginners

Can be used to decorate indoor and outdoor space different kinds carvings and techniques for translating what was conceived. If you are interested in this type of needlework, then you should understand that you need to master the methods and techniques of wood processing, acquire necessary tools and improve carving skills.

IN modern world smartphones and tablets wooden stand, decorated with wood carvings, looks very original.

Skillfully executed carving in the form of simple and ornate patterns and ornaments seems to enliven the world and endows it with sophistication, charm, emphasizes the taste of the owner of luxurious things and the talent of the master.

The works of the best carvers adorn the temples. Pay attention to the photo of the iconostasis of the upper church of the Savior Not Made by Hands, which is located in Moscow, in the Church of the Intercession Holy Mother of God in Fili.

Modern masters with a delicate taste create real masterpieces.

And thanks to finishing and protection technologies finished product from the destructive effects of mold, insects, these carved wood crafts have served people for hundreds of years.

Pay attention to the magnificent carved pieces of furniture:

Stylish doors:

Amazing handmade figurines:

Very often, connoisseurs collect handmade carvings. Wonderful chess worthy of any collection.

Perhaps, over time, your masterpieces of woodcarving will be carefully kept by collectors or decorate temples.

Types of woodcarving

Of all types of woodcarving, the most interesting openwork or through thread on a tree, which has some transparency, in which only the image remains, without a background. An example is an overlaid carving - this is an ornament that is attached to a finished background after being made by a master.

Geometric carving on wood – this is a type of carving in which a pattern is formed using many simple geometric shapes (often a diamond is used).

Oriental carving on wood is distinguished by bizarre forms. Egypt is the cradle of oriental wood carving.

relief carving on wood. In this technique, the image is located above the background or at the same level with it. These are carved panels of various shapes with a three-dimensional image.

- This is a flat-relief carving, but distinguished by an abundance of carved and stucco decorations, various flowers, curls, leaves, figures of people in unnatural poses, fabulous fantastic animals.

It originated in the village of Kudrino. Well-known products in this type of carving are caskets, vases, dishes, ladles, and home decor items. The main element is floral ornament: rosettes, curls and twigs.

Volumetric (sculptural) carving Great for making sculptures, animal and human figurines, toys. - a subspecies of volumetric thread. This is the main craft of the village of Bogorodskoye in the Moscow region. The famous Bogorodsk toys are figurines of animals and people made of linden and alder.

Most often used to decorate wooden Scandinavian churches. With images of Gods and various animals, wood carvers decorated inside and outside church buildings.

- the simplest and rather peculiar type of carving. On a flat background, the master cuts grooves - grooves, forming a pattern. Carved landscapes - images of landscapes on a tree.

All these types of carving are rather conditional. Each master chooses the most acceptable of them, taking into account work experience, wood quality and creative inspiration.

What can be carved?

The most simple staircase transformed, decorated with carved balusters. Balusters- these are curly columns in the form of columns, a stylish and noble decoration of the stairs. Wooden balusters look organic with a spiral wooden staircase.

Bas-relief. Another name for "low relief". This is a sculptural image on a plane. Most often these are figures of people and animals. .

Choosing wood carving tools

As in every business, wood carving has its own secrets, nuances that allow you to reveal the beauty of wood in a wonderful ornament. It is necessary to pick up special tools for woodcarving and stock up on the necessary blanks and sketches for woodcarving, which will be embodied in the form of drawings, borders, lace or genre scenes.

Basic Toolkit

Very high demands are placed on the quality of carving tools. Of course skill plays important role, but well-chosen and sharpened tools will help bring your idea to life. Experienced carvers at first glance at the tool will tell about its quality, and beginners are lost in the store from a huge selection.

The basic set for woodcarving includes:

• several knives and chisels;
• needle files;
• hacksaws for metal;
• vise;
• sandpaper;
• drill with several types of drills;
• bars.

Knives should be made only from high-quality steel. It is better to buy them in specialized stores for creativity. Although on initial stage just sharpened knives will do. Knives from Tatyanka, Narex, Kogatana and others will serve as an excellent start.

It is not necessary to choose an expensive foreign-made tool, because domestic tools can be the same good quality but much cheaper

With the growth of skill, you may need a set of tools, a milling machine, a drill, etc.

Chisels for carving

Sometimes, instead of a chisel for wood carving, a sharpened screwdriver or file is used.

Flat chisel- This is a long rod, at the end of which there is a flat cutting edge. Very often it is used for the primary processing of wood.

Chisel semicircular It is one of the most important tools for the job. They differ somewhat in the degree of roundness, that is, they are medium, round and sloping.

Still happens V- a figurative version of chisels. It can be useful for geometric woodcarving, which we will introduce you to below.

For beginners, a small set for woodcarving, but of good quality, is enough to immediately get used to the correct movements and pressure.

In this video, a wonderful master A. Yuriev shared with us which tools to choose for carving.

How to protect yourself from injury when carving wood

Any tool of a master carver can be compared with a straight razor, therefore, when working with it, safety measures must be strictly observed. The material must be positioned so that the knife or chisel can be worked freely, eliminating the possibility of a sharp edge hitting the hands.

The place to work should be comfortable and clean. All unnecessary tools at the moment should be neatly folded, because they are very sharp and can cause injury.

Work materials

Each type of wood for carving has its pros and cons. It is easy to work with soft wood, but there can also be a lot of marriage. These are aspen, linden, birch. For beginners, this wood is best suited.

Oak, boxwood, mahogany are more expensive and complex woods. It is hard and durable, so it is difficult to carve from such wood. Very often there are troubles when working with such types of wood. Either the instrument or the master may be damaged.

An experienced carver can easily work with various woods, including juniper. Well, for beginners it is better to use inexpensive materials - spruce, pine, pear or birch.

Whatever tools are chosen for woodcarving, safety precautions must be strictly observed!

Geometric thread technology

Geometric wood carving is considered the easiest and is great for beginners. To create a conceived drawing, you need to have a small set of tools for wood carving and clearly withstand the drawing. For geometric woodcarving great value has symmetry and repetition. This achieves a wonderful play of light and shadow.

Cutting boards in this technique, wooden panels look great in the kitchen.

Geometric carving consists of sequential sawing out of simple geometric shapes: rectangles, triangles, squares, rhombuses. But the result is a wonderful ornament that looks different in different lighting conditions.

Execution sequence any wood carving is like this:

• First, a blank is made of wood (board, deck, blank).
• Next, rough leveling of the surface of the workpiece, in which all defects and roughness are removed.
• Then a decorative relief is formed with special cutters.
• After the completion of the main thread, finishing - grinding, impregnation, painting, varnishing.

You can not work with the workpiece on your knees! The master must have a table to work with.

Master class "Geometric woodcarving on a cutting board"

Tools. You will need 2 wood carving knives: a triangular joint knife and a pen knife, a ruler, a compass, a pencil.

A triangle joint knife is needed for cutting triangular shapes of various configurations, as well as for cutting long straight lines. To cut long lines such as a petal or a groove, a pen knife is used. Carving knives should be sharp and comfortable.

First stage. We make a sketch of the pattern on the board. It can be applied with a compass and ruler. Or you can print the patterns for carving taken on the Internet and transfer them to the prepared cutting board using a carbon paper.

Second phase. Cut out the petals. We use a pen knife.

During work thumb firmly pressed against the board, and forefinger easily touches the wood. This will help to adjust the depth of entry of the knife into the surface and the angle of inclination. And the thumb will help move the blade smoothly. First, cut in one direction at an angle, then turn the board over and cut on the other side.

If the shavings curl in a “string” - the knife is good, sharp. It must be periodically undermined with a piece of leather with GOI paste.

Third stage. Cut out the triangles with a cutter. With a “heel”, at an angle of 45 degrees, we cut the knife into a tree, without bringing it to the edges of the pattern on three sides. The slots should be joined on all sides in the form of a pyramid. The sliver, falling out, forms a beautiful triangle.

Fourth stage. What could not be cut off, we carefully clean it so that the edges are frequent and even. By the same principle, we cut grooves and triangles around the perimeter of the board.

Fifth stage. We grind everything sandpaper, processed with natural impregnation. All! The work is done. We decorate the kitchen useful and beautiful cutting board with wood carving.

Drawings for woodcarving

To perform wood carving, photographs, drawings and sketches are simply necessary. A large pattern for woodcarving is used for dimensional products: for facades of houses, interior decoration carvings of churches, windows.

For interior items and furniture, carvers use small patterns, which are carefully worked out by the master.

YOU WILL USE

We offer you an archive of . Choose, print, create.

Video wood carving workshops for beginners

Of course, the wood carving looks especially impressive in the video. Channel "HAND-CARVED WOOD" shows the features of geometric carving for beginners.

Women's view of woodcarving. Channel tatiankacarving shows us how to make flower petals and leaves.

Konstantin Belyaev on his channel he talks in detail about the cutters for woodcarving.

And on this video Ivan the Builder shows how to make relief plane carving:

We will be very happy if this article inspired you to take up woodcarving!